Art theory - week 13/14 - 20/05/2019 27/05/2019

Annotation & Literature Review

What is annotation 

Noun

A note by way of explanation or comment added to a text or diagram.

“Marginal annotations”

Synonyms: note, notation, comment, gloss

The action of annotating a text or diagram

“Annotation of prescribed texts”

A critical or explanatory note or body of notes added to a text

What does it mean to annotate a book?

Annotation refers to adding your own thoughts or insights to a book or text

This is helpful when you are going back to re-read a text because it is a record of your thoughts at the time of the original reading

Many ways to annotate text, physically and digitally

We will review digital annotations using e-books and your blog

Talk to the Text

This is an informal way of interacting with what you’re reading

Write down questions like you’re actually talking to the author

Write down thoughts, comments, and reactions in real time

How to Annotate Quickly

Underline main ideas or claims the author is making. What should you be taking away from this book? What do you want to remember when you flip through it again?

Circle words you don’t know and (optionally) define them in the margin.

Put stars next to anything that gives you pause – either positive or negative. This can be anything that makes you stop and think. If you’d like, write notes on what the text made you ponder or question.

Get it into your Blog!

Do your future self a big favour by taking the time to collect your information as you go

This will save you time, energy, and anxiety by knowing that all of your thoughts and materials are together in a central place and not spread out across all of your resources

You can use your blog to collect relevant parts of the text with the snipping tool and annotate below them

What is a Literature Review?

A critical analysis of the literature, or research, related to a specific topic or research question.

It has been described as: 

“Containing a critical analysis and the integration of information from a number of sources, as well as a consideration of any gaps in the literature and possibilities for future research.”

“An extensive critical review of the extant literature on the research topic”

Or

“providing the reader with a picture…of the state of knowledge and the main questions in the subject area being investigated”

A Literature Review might be:

A “stand alone” review article

Review articles provide an overview of recent research focused on an issue or problem.

Review articles are often published in academic journals.

A section or chapter of a research proposal or research report

A research proposal or report will usually include a literature review near the beginning of the document (often as a separate chapter) to provide a context and rationale for the research.

This “early stage” literature review is, of course, not the only place in a research report that literature is discussed.  All research reports will incorporate the literature into other sections as well (e.g. introduction, method, discussion).  In some disciplines, the “literature” cannot be easily separated from the research being reported on and will be incorporated seamlessly throughout the whole document.

What is the purpose of a Literature review:

What already exist in your field of work?

Male Gaze analysis, female gaze, feminist theory on Socio-political roles. 

Identify Gaps in literature

Female Gaze, what is it? and how is it applied or use?

Find other people working in your field 

Jill Soloway, Cohen, A. (2017). Speaking of the ‘Female Gaze’, Agency and Pornography Erika Lusts Female Gaze, Laura Mulvey

Identify major seminal works

?

Identify main methodological and reaching techniques 

researching with the keys, male gaze, female gaze, Socio-poltical roles of female and the gaze.

Feminist theory papers, and reviews of studies of the male gaze and the evolution of the gaze. 

E-books about film and the gaze

Identify main ideas, conclusions, and theories and establish similarities and differences 

Main idea and theory is the gaze, female and male gaze. 

The differences between the gazes and if there even is a female gaze. 

Narrowing down what the female gaze is and finding out if their is such thing as the female gaze, and how does it apply to works in comparison to the male gaze. 

Still have to find the differences with the male and female gaze, as their is not a lot of information about the female gaze.

Provide a context for your own research 

ethics restriction within nudity in art and how some is ok and others isn't

Understanding the gazes to be able to re-construct them to be able to challenge the Socio-political roles of a women.

Understanding the way women have been influenced under the gaze and how they are expressed.

Show relationships between previous studies or theories. 

Blog Task:

Take three references that you have already identified for your BVA203 Research Project

And create an “Annotated Bibliography” using the video as a guideline

Soloway, J. (2016, September 11). The Female Gaze. MASTER CLASS TIFF 2016. Toronto: Toronto International Film Festival. Retrieved May 27, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnBvppooD9I

              This is a video talk about the female gaze is in comparison with the male gaze, and how it is expressed in film not only cinematography but symbolically. It also discusses how to identify the male gaze within the film and film techniques used to objectify the female and how it is objectifying the female. While also deconstructing the differences it had with the female gaze, and whether or not there is a female gaze or not. It also discusses the key ideas to identifying the female gaze within film and how it is applied within film.

            Jill Soloway giving a talk about female gaze, with Master Class TIFF in 2016. Video                            recording. Informal.
            She goes off topic alot, lot of joking around very informal. Doesn't touch about Female Gaze              until the end of the talk, goes greater depth of the male gaze then female gaze. She had many              different points about the female gaze but isn't concluded to one because maybe she doesn't                  know herself?

Cixous, H., Cohen, K., & Cohen, P. (1976). The Laugh of the Medusa. Signs, 19 .

  This is a Journal Article by french feminist Helene Cixous, poet and writter. This book is a collect      of  her poems that are about deconstructing the gaze and analyzing her own work. She looks into        what it means to be a women and how the gazes differ from each other. “I write woman: woman          must write woman. And man, man. So only an oblique consideration will be found here of man; it’s    up to him to say where his masculinity and femininity are at: this will concern us once men have        opened their eyes and seen themselves clearly” (Cixous, H., Cohen, K., & Cohen, P. 1976). Her          works are relevant to the female gaze, or the gazes over all as she looks into them in a more abstract    way then literal way. This is because she looks into her own work and deconstructs it to further            elaborate the ideas she wants to communicate. 

  Journal Article, By French Feminist author and poet Helene Cixous and translated by Keith Cohen      and Paula Cohen. 19 pages long, publishes in 1976 not modern but is an influence for modern              feminist and theorist. 

  This is a good source, if you don't look at it as an over all text and look it bit by bit. This is because     some things by not be relevant to modern context but are more of an influence to modern context.       Its good to understand influences of modern context before developing an opinion on modern day       context. Is a good book though hard to read, maybe because its translated form French? or                   printing?

Yellow highlighting = Repeating self - done by tutor 

Important not to repeat things and just get straight to the point. This is to help future self when wanting resources. 

Important things to note when Annotating

- Where is the good stuff? 

- Is the hole thing good or only a section?

- Translated or not?

- key words

- straight to point

- how many pages long

- what exactly is it, eg, journal book or video

- Author background 

- short and sweet

- did I like it or not